Abstract: A new species in the lichen genera Graphis Adans., G. paradussii Z.F. Jia is described from Hainan Province, southern China. It is characterized by prominent to sessile lirellae with thalline margin, laterally carbonized exciple, 8 transversely septate ascospores per ascus and presence of norstictic and salazinc acid.
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Abstract: Seven species in the lichen genera Hemithecium and Pallidogramme, including a new species H. duomurisporum, and a new record H. implicatum from China, are reported. The photographs of these species and working keys to the taxa are given.
Countries/Continents: Asia/China
Notes: New: Hemithecium duomurisporum Z.F.Jia (from China).
URL: http://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jwxb/EN/abstract/abstract348.shtml#
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Keywords: lichen-forming fungus, taxonomy, Ostropomycetidae, Ascomycota, China
Abstract: A new species in the lichen genera Graphis Adans., G. paradussii Z.F. Jia is described from Hainan Province, southern China. It is characterized by prominent to sessile lirellae with thalline margin, laterally carbonized exciple, 8 transversely septate ascospores per ascus and presence of norstictic and salazinic acid.
Notes: New species: Graphis paradussii Z.F. Jia (from China)
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-114.2.389
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Keywords: Chlorophyll a/ Epiphytic lichens/ Fertilization experiment/ Growth rate/ Nitrogen deposition/ Nutrient limitation/ Phosphorus/ Symbiosis
Abstract: Responses to simulated nitrogen (N) deposition with or without added phosphorus (P) were investigated for three contrasting lichen species - the N-sensitive Alectoria sarmentosa, the more N-tolerant Platismatia glauca and the N2-fixing Lobaria pulmonaria- in a field experiment. To examine whether nutrient limitation differed between the photobiont and the mycobiont within the lichen, the biomass responses of the respective bionts were estimated. The lichenized algal cells were generally N-limited, because N-stimulated algal growth in all three species. The mycobiont was P-limited in one species (A. sarmentosa), but the growth response of the mycobionts was complex, as fungal growth is also dependent on a reliable carbon export from the photobiont, which may have been the reason for the decrease of the mycobiont with N addition in P. glauca. Our findings showed that P availability was an important factor when studying effects of N deposition, as P supply can both mitigate and intensify the negative effects of N on epiphytic lichens. © 2011 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2011 New Phytologist Trust.
Genera/Families: Parmeliaceae/ Platismatia/ Alectoria
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79960555356&partnerID=40&md5=7f5765541404ad650b37acb457b04c51
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Keywords: BIODIVERSITY/ LICHENIZED FUNGI/ LICHENICOLOUS FUNGI/ LICHEN MAPPING/ RHEINLAND-PFALZ
Abstract: A list of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from twelve visited sites during the BLAM-excursion in 2010 to the Pfälzerwald (Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany) is presented. The results are briefly discussed using the Red Data Book and ecological indicator values.
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Notes: Distributed by Botanische Staatssammlung München
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Abstract: The disease-associated prion protein (PrPTSE), the probable etiological agent of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), is resistant to degradation and can persist in the environment. Lichens, mutualistic symbioses containing fungi, algae, bacteria and occasionally cyanobacteria, are ubiquitous in the environment and have evolved unique biological activities allowing their survival in challenging ecological niches. We investigated PrPTSE inactivation by lichens and found acetone extracts of three lichen species (Parmelia sulcata, Cladonia rangiferina and Lobaria pulmonaria) have the ability to degrade prion protein (PrP) from TSE-infected hamsters, mice and deer. Immunoblots measuring PrP levels and protein misfolding cyclic amplification indicated at least two logs of reductions in PrPTSE. Degradative activity was not found in closely related lichen species or in algae or a cyanobacterium that inhabit lichens. Degradation was blocked by Pefabloc SC, a serine protease inhibitor, but not inhibitors of other proteases or enzymes. Additionally, we found that PrP levels in PrPTSE-enriched preps or infected brain homogenates are also reduced following exposure to freshly-collected P. sulcata or an aqueous extract of the lichen. Our findings indicate that these lichen extracts efficiently degrade PrPTSE and suggest that some lichens could have potential to inactivate TSE infectivity on the landscape or be a source for agents to degrade prions. Further work to clone and characterize the protease, assess its effect on TSE infectivity and determine which organism or organisms present in lichens produce or influence the protease activity is warranted.
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Keywords: Asterochloris sp., Cladonia grayi, lichen, plant-fungal interactions, symbiosis
Abstract: How plants and microbes recognize each other and interact to form long-lasting relationships remains one of the central questions in cellular communication. The symbiosis between the filamentous fungus Cladonia grayi and the single-celled green alga Asterochloris sp. was used to determine fungal and algal genes upregulated in vitro in early lichen development. cDNA libraries of upregulated genes were created with suppression subtractive hybridization in the first two stages of lichen development. Quantitative PCR subsequently was used to verify the expression level of 41 and 33 candidate fungal and algal genes respectively. Induced fungal genes showed significant matches to genes putatively encoding proteins involved in self and non-self recognition, lipid metabolism, and negative regulation of glucose repressible genes, as well as to a putative D-arabitol reductase and two dioxygenases. Upregulated algal genes included a chitinase-like protein, an amino acid metabolism protein, a dynein-related protein and a protein arginine methyltransferase. These results also provided the first evidence that extracellular communication without cellular contact can occur between lichen symbionts. Many genes showing slight variation in expression appear to direct the development of the lichen symbiosis. The results of this study highlight future avenues of investigation into the molecular biology of lichen symbiosis.
URL: http://www.mycologia.org/cgi/content/abstract/103/2/291/
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Keywords: Bio-molecular/ Dry and wet/ Experimental conditions/ Exploration missions/ Extremophiles/ FT-Raman/ Hand-held spectrometers/ Hazardous environment/ In-situ/ Laser wavelength/ Life signals/ Micro-Raman/ Molecular identification/ Pigment characterization/ Raman spectrometers/ Spot sizes/ Wave numbers/ Instruments/ Isomers/ Raman spectroscopy/ Spectrometry/ Spectrometers
Abstract: We have carried out analyses on three extremophile lichens from the Tabernas Desert (Spain) under different experimental conditions: dry and wet samples in the laboratory and wet specimens in the field, using three spectrometers: one portable, one FT-Raman and one dispersive micro-Raman instruments. Apart from pigment characterization, the information obtained from the spectra is compared and the differences analysed. The fact that no results were achieved on dry lichens using the handheld spectrometer is of special relevance for those looking for life in hazardous environments. Since in some extreme habitats, life could be "dormant" and only activates under appropriate conditions, miniaturized instruments (such as those included for extraplanetary exploration missions) could not detect bio-markers and, then, life signals will not be noticed when, actually, life is there. Furthermore, we show in this work, using the miniaturized Raman spectrometer, that not only laser wavelength, spectral resolution and wavenumber region of the spectrum are important for the bio- or geo-marker recognition but also spot-size is of vital relevance for the unambiguous biomolecular characterization. In our opinion, mini-Raman instruments are useful for assessing in situ the eventual presence of bio-markers in complex natural samples, such as organisms, but are not accurate enough for precise molecular identification. © 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1ay05268c
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Keywords: ROCCELLACEAE, OPEGRAPHA, CORTICOLOUS LICHENS, INDIA.
Abstract: The present paper deals with two species of corticolous Opegrapha Ach., viz. O. d.iscolor Vain. and O.simplicior (Nyl.) Nyl., new to India. A brief description and photographs are provided to facilitate their identification.
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Abstract: [New species: Syncesia indica.] The new lichen species Syncesia indica is described from southern India and is characterized by stromatoid ascomata, 3-septate small ascospores, and presence of protocetraric acid and traces of roccellic acid. The new taxon grows on tree trunk in evergreen forest in Shradighat regions of Karnataka. A key of all species included in the genus is provided.
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Keywords: ANTHRAQUINONES, ITS NRDNA, PHYLOGENY, TAXONOMY, TELOSCHISTACEAE
Abstract: The saxicolous lichen species, Caloplaca allochroa, is described as new from subtropical inland localities of Gangwon and Jeollanam Province (South Korea). It is characterized by occurring as two colour variants, yellowish and gray, based on presence vs. absence of anthraquinone pigments. Its colour contrast between brownish-red to brownishblack apothecial disc and yellowish-orange apothecial margin is very characteristic. Further diagnostic characters are a hymenium with numerous oil-drops and specific ecology. The species is related to Caloplaca flavorubescens and C. flavovirescens.
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Keywords: Chalybaeae/ Chrysophorae/ Conversae/ Kamczatica/ Ochrotropae/ Sideritis/ Teloschistaceae
Abstract: Detailed taxonomic descriptions are presented for four species of the lichen genus Caloplaca, newly reported from India. Caloplaca litoricola (also newly reported from Asia) is a littoral species, recorded only from coastal regions in India, while C. chalybaea, C. lypera, and C. maura are recorded only from inland areas. © 2011. Mycotaxon, Ltd.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052920882&partnerID=40&md5=3fa7cf3d64cd88b4978ff786ce11b23b
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Keywords: Anthraquinones/ ITS nrDNA/ Phylogeny/ Taxonomy/ Teloschistaceae
Abstract: The saxicolous lichen species, Caloplaca allochroa, is described as new from subtropical inland localities of Gangwon and Jeollanam Province (South Korea). It is characterized by occurring as two colour variants, yellowish and gray, based on presence vs. absence of anthraquinone pigments. Its colour contrast between brownish-red to brownishblack apothecial disc and yellowish-orange apothecial margin is very characteristic. Further diagnostic characters are a hymenium with numerous oil-drops and specific ecology. The species is related to Caloplaca flavorubescens and C. flavovirescens. © 2011 Publishing Technology.
Notes: New species: Caloplaca allochroa Y. Joshi, Vondrák & Hur.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/117.261
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Keywords: Biodiversity/ New records/ Taxonomy/ Trapeliaceae
Abstract: This study describes two new records of the lichen genus Placynthiella (P. hyporhoda and P. icmalea) from South Korea. A brief taxonomic description and comments are provided for the new records. An artificial key is also provided for known species of this genus in South Korea. © The Korean Society of Mycology.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4489/MYCO.2011.39.1.054
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Keywords: Geographical distribution/ Lichen-forming fungi/ Taxonomy
Abstract: The present paper briefly describes 14 subtropical to temperate lichen species new to South Korea. Among the genera Bacidia, Cresponea, Diploschistes, Fissurina, Fuscidea, Micarea, Mycoblastus, Phyllopsora, Sarcogyne, Scoliciosporum, and Toninia reported for the first time from South Korea, Fuscidea recensa var. arcuatula, Micarea elachista, Sarcogyne privigna, and Toninia cinereovirens also represent new records for East Asia, including China and Japan. © 2011. Mycotaxon, Ltd.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052946289&partnerID=40&md5=f9cba9f19233b0bc11cbe63be8ced2f9
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Abstract: The heterotardigrade family Echiniscidae consists of 12 currently recognized genera that are generally represented by few species with the exception of the genera Echiniscus and Pseudechiniscus, which have numerous species. The echiniscids inhabit a wide variety of different moss and lichen substrates. Phylogenetic relationships within the Echiniscidae have previously been investigated using morphological characters. This study includes molecular data from the nuclear 18S and 28S genes and the mitochondrial COI gene, as well as the morphological data to investigate the incongruence between the studies by Kristensen (1987) and Jørgensen (2000) and between morphology and molecules. The arthrotardigrades Batillipes and Florarctus and the echiniscoideans Echiniscoides and Oreella have been included as out-groups and ten genera of echiniscids as the in-group in the phylogenetic analyses. The data sets were analysed individually and combined with Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony. In this study, Echiniscidae was always inferred to be monophyletic in analyses of the combined data set (18S, 28S and morphology) excluding COI. The analyses inferred a 'Pseudechiniscus lineage' not including Mopsechiniscus. Furthermore, the inferred 'Pseudechiniscus lineage' only included part of the Pseudechiniscus species making the genus polyphyletic. The five Echiniscus species, which were included in the analysis, were monophyletic and sister-group to Testechiniscus (COI had Echiniscus paraphyletic). The clade [Hypechiniscus, (Echiniscus + Testechinsicus)] was also well supported. Parechiniscus was inferred to be the sister-group to all other echiniscid taxa, a phylogenetic position that corresponds well with its weakly sclerotized dorsal plates. Echiniscoidea was not inferred to be monophyletic in contradiction to recently phylogenetic analyses focused on Arthrotardigrada.
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Keywords: LICHEN/ NOMENCLATURE/ LOBARIACEAE/ PSEUDOCYPHELLARIA
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Abstract: The Pyxine pungens complex comprises species producing atranorin in the upper cortex, lacking vegetative propagules and reacting K+ blackish purple in the pigmented medulla. Based mainly on the development of apothecia, pigmentation and development of the internal stipe and chemistry, three new species morphologically similar to P. pungens are described. Pyxine rhodesiaca and P. schechingeri are also treated and compared to this complex of species.
Notes: New species: Pyxine astipitata Jungbluth & Marcelli, Pyxine exoalbida Jungbluth & Marcelli and Pyxine mantiqueirensis Marcelli & Jungbluth.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-114.1.166
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Abstract: In the course of a study of Pyxine species in São Paulo State, Brazil, Pyxine jolyana was recognized as a new species. It has norstictic acid in the medulla, a rare feature in South American species. Also, another species with norstictic acid, P. fallax, is recorded for the first time from the Neotropics. A world key to the Pyxine species that produce norstictic acid is presented.
Countries/Continents: Brazil/South America
Notes: New: Pyxine jolyana Jungbluth, Kalb & Marcelli (from Brazil). Pyxine retirugella var. capitata Zahlbr. synonymized with P. fallax. Includes key to Pyxine with norstictic acid.
URL: https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mtax/mt/2011/00000115/00000001/art00050;jsessionid=1rtp35cibka33.x-ic-live-03
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Abstract: Changes in the forest management practices have strongly influenced the distribution of species inhabiting old-growth forests. The epiphytic woodland lichen Lobaria pulmonaria is frequently used as a model species to study the factors affecting the population biology of lichens. We sampled 252 L. pulmonaria individuals from 12 populations representing three woodland types differing in their ecological continuity and management intensity in Estonia. We used eight mycobiont-specific microsatellite loci to quantify genetic diversity among the populations. We calculated the Sørensen distance to estimate genetic dissimilarity among individuals within populations. We revealed that L. pulmonaria populations have significantly higher genetic diversity in old-growth forests than in managed forests and wooded meadows. We detected a significant woodland-type-specific pattern of genetic dissimilarity among neighbouring L. pulmonaria individuals, which suggests that in wooded meadows and managed forests dominating is vegetative reproduction. The vegetative dispersal distance between the host trees of L. pulmonaria was found to be only 15-30Â m. Genetic dissimilarity among individuals was also dependent on tree species and trunk diameter. Lobaria pulmonaria populations in managed forests included less juveniles compared to old-growth forests and wooded meadows, indicating that forest management influences life stage structure within populations. We conclude that as intensive stand management reduces the genetic diversity of threatened species in woodland habitats, particular attention should be paid to the preservation of remnant populations in old-growth habitats. Within managed habitats, conservation management should target on maintenance of the stand's structural diversity and availability of potential host trees.
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Abstract: [This species, new to science, is lignicolous and likely related to L. crassithallina, presently known only from Mexico.]
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Abstract: [Schistophoron indicum is described.]
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Abstract: [Includes description of Lecanora ulrikii and reports of three species found new to Thailand.]
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Keywords: BIODIVERSITY/ BOREAL FOREST/ ECONOMICS/ GREEN-TREE RETENTION/ POLICY/ VARIABLE RETENTION HARVESTING
Abstract: [Species richness of lichens was one of the conservation measures used here.]
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Keywords: ALPINE RESTORATION/ COLONIZATION/ PLANT SPECIES COMPOSITION/ RATES OF SUCCESSION/ RESTORATION ECOLOGY/ SPOIL HEAPS
Abstract: [It was found that lichens and bryophytes took about 30 years to acheive the same richness of surrounding undisturbed areas, while vascular plants took significantly longer.]
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Keywords: Biomonitoring/ Comparison factor/ Heavy metals/ Lichen/ Moss/ Analytes/ Biomonitoring/ Comparison factor/ Czech Republic/ Electrothermal atomization/ Flame AAS/ Hypogymnia physodes/ Lichen/ Moss/ Absorption spectroscopy/ Atomic absorption spectrometry/ Cadmium/ Chromium/ Lead/ Metals/ Copper/ cadmium/ chromium/ copper/ heavy metal/ lead/ nickel/ zinc/ atomic absorption spectroscopy/ bioindicator/ biomarker/ biomonitoring/ comparative study/ concentration (composition)/ ecoregion/ environmental assessment/ forest/ heavy metal/ lichen/ moss/ air pollution/ air pollution indicator/ article/ atomic absorption spectrometry/ bioavailability/ concentration (parameters)/ controlled study/ Czech Republic/ dry deposition/ exhaust gas/ forest/ geographic distribution/ heavy metal removal/ lichen/ moss/ Poland/ pollution monitoring/ quantitative study/ Czech Republic/ Dolnoslaskie/ Jeseniky Mountains/ Klodzko/ Opolskie/ Poland/ Stobrawskie Forest/ Sudetes/ Bryophyta/ Hypogymnia physodes/ Pleurozium schreberi
Abstract: The concentrations of selected metals-Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb-were determined in the samples of Hypogymnia physodes lichen and Pleurozium schreberi moss collected in Polish and Czech Euroregions Praded and Glacensis. More specifically, the samples were collected in Bory Stobrawskie, Bory Niemodli?skie, and Kotlina K?odzka (Poland) and in Jeseniki (Czech Republic). The concentration of metals in the samples was measured using the atomic absorption spectrometry (flame AAS technique and electrothermal atomization AAS technique). The results were used to calculate the comparison factor (CF) that quantifies the difference in concentration of a given bioavailable analyte × accumulated in lichens and mosses: CF?=?2 (c x,lichen
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-011-0830-9
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Keywords: Biomonitors/ Enrichment Factors (EF)/ Lichens/ Mosses/ Soil
Abstract: This paper discusses the relations between the concentrations of micro- and macroelements accumulated in the lichen Hypogymnia physodes, the moss Pleurozium schreberi and soil humus. The concentrations of the elements were measured using the Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) and the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). In addition, the activity of
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84860652725&partnerID=40&md5=dc6f6288b3110145a36b40d8cb976c19
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Abstract: Тhe structural organisation of lichens at a consortium organisation level of the ecosystems is considered. The analysis of species composition and regularities of lichens distribution in Ulmus laevis and Populus nigra 56 consortia in territory of mining and smelting complex of Kryvyi Rih Basin is carried out. It is established that taxonomical structure of lichens consists of 8 lichen species of 6 genera and 5 families. It is ascertained that spe-cies composition and regularities of lichens distribution in consortia is determined by the type of industrial load. Predominance of the crustose lichens in the determinants’ consortia, insignificant part of the foliose lichens and total lack of fruticose forms is possible consequence of industrial influence.
Countries/Continents: Russia/Europe
Notes: In Russian with English abstract.
URL: https://ecology.dp.ua/index.php/ECO/article/view/283/275
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Abstract: [Tardigrades were present in nearly half of all moss, lichen and hepatic samples.] Over 700 moss, lichen and hepatic samples were collected from territory of Costa Rica. Tardigrades were present in nearly half of the samples. Overall, more than 7000 tardigrades were found. All specimens were identified as 64 species belonging to 18 genera. The number of species per positive sample varied between 1 and 10, but on average it did not exceed three. The most important factor influencing distribution of Tardigrada in Costa Rica was altitude. Tardigrades most often inhabited mosses, lichens and hepatics collected from 2000 to 2400masl and above 3200masl (more than 70% positive samples). The highest Tardigrada species diversity was found between 1400 and 2000masl (35 species, 55%), and the lowest between 2400 and 2800masl (18 species, 28%). The second strongest factor that influenced tardigrade distribution was the type of environment. A significantly higher proportion of positive samples were found in urban and agricultural areas (about 60%) than in natural habitats (only about 30%). The highest frequency of positive samples was found in humid habitats. Surprisingly, among all analysed factors, the substrate and plant type had the weakest influence on tardigrade distribution. © 2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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Notes: New family: Malmideaceae Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch; new genus: Malmidea Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch; new species: M. coralliformis Kalb, M. eeuuae Kalb, M. inflata Kalb, M. perplexa Kalb, M. variabilis Kalb; new combinations: Malmidea aurigera (Fée) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. bakeri (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. chrysostigma (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. subaurigera (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. amazonica (Redinger) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. atlantica (Cáceres & Lücking) Cáceres & Kalb, M. bacidinoides (Lücking) Kalb & Lücking, M. badimioides (Cáceres & Lücking) Cáceres & Kalb, M. ceylanica (Zahlbr.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. cinereonigrella (Vain.) Kalb, M. duplomarginata (Papong & Kalb) Kalb & Papong, M. fellhaneroides (Lücking) Kalb & Lücking, M. fenicis (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. flavopustulosa (Cáceres & Lücking) Cáceres & Kalb, M. furfurosa (Tuck. ex Nyl.) Kalb & Lücking, M. fuscella (Müll. Arg.) Kalb & Lücking, M. granifera (Ach.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. gyalectoides (Vain.) Kalb & Lücking, M. hypomela (Nyl.) Kalb & Lücking, M. leptoloma (Müll. Arg.) Kalb & Lücking, M. perisidiata (Malme) Kalb & Lücking, M. piae (Kalb) Kalb, M. piperis (Spreng.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. polisensis (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. polycampia (Tuck.) Kalb & Lücking, M. psychotrioides (Kalb & Lücking) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. rhodopis (Tuck.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. sorsogona (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. subgranifera (Kalb & Elix) Kalb & Elix, M. taytayensis (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. trailiana (Müll. Arg.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch, M. vinosa (Eschw.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch
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Abstract: The new lichen genus Orcularia, based on Rinodina sect. Orcularia, is described. It is characterized by Orcularia-type ascospores and filiform conidia. So far the newly described O. elixii as well as O. insperata (type species), O. placodiomorpha and O. placodiomorphoides are found to belong to this genus. Descriptions, illustrations and a key for them are provided.
Notes: New: Orcularia (Malme) Kalb & Giralt (≡ Rinodina (Ach.) Stiz. Sect. Orcularia Malme; type O. insperata), O. elixii Kalb & Giralt (from Australia), O. insperata (Nyl.) Kalb & Giralt (≡ Lecanora insperata Nyl.), O. placodiomorpha (Vainio) Kalb & Giralt (≡ Buellia placodiomorpha Vainio), O. placodiomorphoides (Imshaug) Kalb & Giralt (≡ B. placodiomorphoides Imshaug).
URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.38.1.8
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Abstract: The ecology of lichens is understudied in Florida, especially the southern portion of the state. The goal of this study was to assess lichen cover on the trunks of oaks, Quercus, at Myakka River State Park. Lichen cover was measured vertically from the ground level 0.0 m to 7.4 meters along each cardinal direction. A pearson coefficient showed that total lichen cover did not increase nor decrease with tree height. Total cover on the tree trunk was greatest for the east side (33%) and lowest for the north side of the trees (17%). Crustose lichens accounted for 85% of the cover, and foliose only 15%. Foliose lichen cover increased significantly with height (ANOVA F(2,6)= 26.29, p= 0.0011) while crustose cover did not (ANOVA F(2,6)= 2.56, p= 0.16). Lastly, diversity of macrolichens between Myakka River State Park and Ocala National Forest was compared. Lichen diversity was very similar between sites, but two additional tropical species were found in Myakka.
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Abstract: A new lichen species, Mycoblastus sinensis Kantvilas, is described from Yunnan Province, China. It is characterised by an esorediate thallus containing atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid, relatively large apothecia heavily infused with a violet pigment and surrounded by a Byssoloma-type rim, and two-spored asci. Its relationships with some other species of the genus are discussed.
New taxa: Mycoblastus sinensis Kantvilas
Notes: New species: Mycoblastus sinensis Kantvilas
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New taxa: Japewiella pruinosula
Genera/Families: Japewia/ Japewiella
Notes: New combination: Japewiella pruinosula (Müll. Arg.) Kantvilas
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Keywords: Ascomycota/ biodiversity
Abstract: During a recent excursion in Kemaliye district of Erzincan region (Turkey), we sampled lichens from 6 localities, among which Diplotomma hedinii, Lecanora valesiaca, and Xanthoria weberi were determined as new to Turkey and the Middle East and X. weberi also new to Asia. Geographic distribution, substrate, chemistry, and comparisons with morphologically similar taxa are presented. © 2011. Mycotaxon, Ltd.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80051931030&partnerID=40&md5=3bba2f0eaf65f3c88b081ea66806ad29
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Keywords: JAPAN/ PREF. SHIGA/ ENDANGERED SPECIES
Abstract: A total of 219 taxa of lichens, 43 families(including 5 uncertain taxonomic position), 94 genera, 215 species, 3 subspecies and 1 variety were decognized among the collection from Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Although mst taxa repported in this paper are common or widely distributed Japan, Lepraria ohmiensis Kashiw., Kobayashi & K.H. Moon is only known from Shiga Prefecture and Gassicurtia elizae (Tuck.) Marbach and Sculptolumina japonica (Tuck.) Marbach are second reports for the species from Japan. Based on the comprehensive studies of lichens in Shiga Prefecture, the following species were elected as endangered species, which include 2 Critically endangered species, 7 vulnerable species, 8 thretened species and 2 phytogeographically significant species. Brif notes for each species are prepared below.
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Keywords: JAPAN/ PREF. SHIGA/ ENDANGERED SPECIES
Abstract: A total of 219 taxa of lichens, 43 families(including 5 uncertain taxonomic position), 94 genera, 215 species, 3 subspecies and 1 variety were decognized among the collection from Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Although mst taxa repported in this paper are common or widely distributed Japan, Lepraria ohmiensis Kashiw., Kobayashi & K.H. Moon is only known from Shiga Prefecture and Gassicurtia elizae (Tuck.) Marbach and Sculptolumina japonica (Tuck.) Marbach are second reports for the species from Japan. Based on the comprehensive studies of lichens in Shiga Prefecture, the following species were elected as endangered species, which include 2 Critically endangered species, 7 vulnerable species, 8 thretened species and 2 phytogeographically significant species. Brif notes for each species are prepared below.[7]
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Notes: In Japanese with English specimen data and figure captions.
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Countries/Continents: Europe/Germany
Notes: "In most raised bogs that recovered to grow from a dry state in the 1970s, the lichen group of Cladonia rangiferina, C. sylvatica, C. arbuscula is nearly extinct."
URL: https://www.lfu.bayern.de/natur/moorschutz/doc/hochmoore_chiemgau.pdf
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Abstract: Lichens are considered bioindicators and, as such, are widely used for air quality monitoring, especially in urban-industrial areas. The present paper proposes an evaluation of lichen communities in urban areas. The corticolous lichen community was assessed at 29 sampling stations in the city of Porto Alegre, in addition to a reference area located in the State Park in the city of Viamão, southern Brazil. The rubber band method was used for lichen mapping; three hundred host-trees were analyzed, at 11 different height levels. Lichens were evaluated in terms of composition, richness, cover and diversity, and sampling stations were classified based on the Index of Atmospheric Purity (IAP) complemented by the Environmental Classification Factor (ECF). The inclusion of ECF as a complement to the original IAP formula is proposed in the present study and not only richness and cover components are considered, but also data on the lichenized mycota composition (considering its different morphological forms). One hundred and thirty-one (131) taxa have been identified, out of which 13 specimens may be considered as indicators of urban areas, and the predominance of taxa belonging to the crustose and foliose morphological group was verified. The sampling stations were classified into five zones, ranging from lichen-free zones to optimal zones for lichen development. The use of lichen proved to be efficient to both evaluate air quality and identify alterations of urban microclimates. The application of an ECF-based correction factor is expected to complement the use of IAP, making it a more sensitive index, since an analysis of a multivaried information profile was deemed necessary, especially in regions where specimen diversity is higher.
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Keywords: Identification key/ Lichenized fungi/ Phytosociology/ Species composition
Abstract: Lichens are symbiotic organisms found in a variety of habitats; however, in urban areas the lichen community can be altered due to the influence of anthropogenic factors. This study aimed to analyze the corticolous lichen community composition in Porto Alegre and adjacent areas, as well as to investigate the frequency, coverage and importance value of the reported taxa. A key to the urban species is also provided. Three hundred phorophytes distributed in 30 sampling stations, divided among 33 city districts, were analyzed. One hundred and forty-four taxa of lichenized fungi were recorded with three probable new citations for Brazil and two new records for Rio Grande do Sul State. The most important species in the community were Canoparmelia texana (Tuck.) Elix & Hale and Dirinaria picta (Sw.) Schaer. ex Clem, which showed the highest values of importance, frequency and coverage. The high number of taxa found in the studied areas represents a significant contribution to lichenological research, mainly for use in air quality monitoring programs and to evaluate forest ecosystem structure.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062011000400010
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Notes: In Japanese with English specimen data and figure captions.
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Notes: In Japanese with English specimen data and figure captions.
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Notes: In Japanese with English abstract, specimen data, and figure captions.
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Abstract: Question: How are dynamics of early-seral post-fire vascular plant and bryoid (terrestrial mosses, lichens, and fungi) vegetation impacted by reforestation activities, particularly manual vegetation removal and planting density? Does the relationship between vegetation dynamics and vegetation removal differ between harsh (west-facing) and moderate (east-facing) aspects? Location: Five high-severity burn plantation forests of Pseudotsuga menziesii in southwestern Oregon, USA. Methods: Plantations severely burned in a recent wildfire were planted with conifer seedlings as a four-species mixture or a monoculture, at two different densities, with and without manual vegetation removal. A subset of plots was also planted on a contrasting aspect within each plantation. The contrasting aspects differed in potential solar insolation and were indicative of moderate (eastern exposure) and harsh (western exposure) site conditions. Covers of shrub, herbaceous and bryoid vegetation layers were measured during reforestation activities 2-4yr after the fire. Dynamics of structural layer cover and community composition were compared among treatments with analysis of variance and multivariate analyses (non-metric multidimensional scaling and blocked multi-response permutation procedure). Results: Structural layer cover and community composition differed between areas that received reforestation treatments and untreated areas. However, variability within treatments in a plantation was greater than variability within treatments across plantations. Effects of vegetation removal on composition and structure were more evident than effects of planting or altering planting density. Vegetation removal decreased cover of tall and low shrub and the bryoid layer, and increased herbaceous layer cover. Bryoid community and low shrub structural layer responses were more pronounced on moderate aspects than on harsh aspects. Vegetation removal shifted vascular plant community composition towards exotic and annual species. Conclusions: These reforestation treatments may be implemented without substantially altering early-seral vegetation community composition dynamics, especially in areas with harsh site conditions. Site conditions, such as aspect, should be evaluated to determine need and potential effects of reforestation before implementation. Monitoring for exotic species establishment should follow reforestation activities. © Published 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Keywords: aboveground forage phytomass/ arctic tundra/ diet composition/ musk ox/ reindeer/ selective foraging/ species composition of vegetation/ Wrangel Island
Abstract: The species composition and aboveground biomass of plant and lichens and the composition of reindeer and musk ox diet in the arctic tundra of Wrangel Island were studied in 2004 to 2007. The above-ground phytomass in different areas of the island varied from 1105 to 2100 kg/ha. The composition of plants consumed by reindeer and musk oxen and their proportions in the diet were determined by standard micro-histological analysis of plant remains in their feces. The results showed that, either in winter or in summer, both species obviously preferred feeding on willows (Salicaceae), which comprised almost half of their diet. Moreover, their feeding was highly selective, especially with respect to sedges and rushes (Cyperaceae + Juncaceae) and legumes (Fabaceae). Although the contributions of these plant groups to the total aboveground phytomass were very small (less than 4 and 8%), their proportions in the diet reached 27 and 24%, respectively. Mosses were not a preferred forage: their proportion in the aboveground phytomass reached 40%, but that in the diets of both species was below 10% in summer and increased to 20% only in the winter diet of reindeer. At a high abundance of lichens (up to 20% of the aboveground phytomass), neither of the animals consumed them during the study period. © 2011 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S106235901107003X
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Keywords: Antioxidant activity/ Bhadra wildlife sanctuary/ Everniastrum cirrhatum (Fr.) Hale/ Mineral composition/ Total phenol content
Abstract: In the present study, we investigated for the first time mineral composition, total phenol content and antioxidant activity of a foliose macrolichen Everniastrum cirrhatum (Fr.) Hale (Parmeliaceae) from Bhadra wildlife sanctuary, Karnataka, India. Mineral content of the lichen was estimated by Atomic absorption spectrophotometer after acid digestion. The secondary metabolites were detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and phytochemical assays. The lichen material was extracted with methanol in soxhlet apparatus. Total phenol content was estimated by folin ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH, Ferric reducing and metal chelating assays. Among the principal elements, calcium was found in high concentration followed by magnesium, potassium and phosphorus. Among trace elements, iron was detected in high amount followed by zinc, manganese and copper. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was found to be dose dependent with an IC50 of 6.73 μg/mL. In ferric reducing assay, the absorbance increased with the concentration of extract suggesting reducing power. The extract exhibited good metal chelating activity with an IC50 value of 29.28 μg/mL. Total phenol content was 101.2 mg tannic acid equivalents per gram of extract. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. TLC revealed atranorin, salazinic acid and protolichesterinic acid. The lichen can be consumed as a source of minerals required for the body as appreciable amount of minerals has been detected. The marked antioxidant activity may be attributed to the presence of phenol content in the extract. Further studies on isolation of metabolites and their bioactivities are under investigation. © Copyright E-Journal of Chemistry 2004-2011.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80055081905&partnerID=40&md5=2c8e00a1d1e70d2e7c79e7dd9b16402e
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Abstract: Summary: Efforts are currently underway to establish a standard DNA barcode region for fungi; we tested the utility of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA for DNA barcoding in lichen-forming fungi by sampling diverse species across eight orders. Amplification of the ITS region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) was conducted for 351 samples, encompassing 107, 55 and 28 species, genera and families, respectively, of lichenized fungi. We assessed the ability of the entire ITS vs the ITS2 alone to discriminate between species in a taxonomic dataset (members of the genus Usnea) and a floristic dataset. In the floristic dataset, 96.3% of sequenced samples could be assigned to the correct species using ITS or ITS2; a barcode gap for ITS is present in 92.1% of species. Although fewer species have a barcode gap in the taxonomic dataset (73.3% with ITS and 68.8% with ITS2), up to 94.1% of samples were assigned to the correct species using BLAST. While discrimination between the most closely related species will remain challenging, our results demonstrate the potential to identify a high percentage of specimens to the correct species, and the remainder to the correct genus, when using DNA barcoding in a floristic context.
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Keywords: Bioindicator/ Lichen/ Monitoring/ Sulfur dioxide/ animal/ atmospheric pollution/ bioindicator/ biomonitoring/ dose-response relationship/ health risk/ industrial location/ lichen/ phytotoxicity/ public health/ sulfur dioxide/ urban area/ urban atmosphere
Abstract: Sulfur dioxide is one of the important gas pollutants that have an irreparable impact on human, plants, animals and objects. Biological indicators are air pollutants indicators. They are appropriate conductive for air pollution controlling in urban and industrial environments. Lichens are one of the bioindicators and they have been used in such researches. Therefore, survey of efficiency and effectiveness biomonitoring of SO2 with use of lichen, Lecanora mularis has been considered in this research. Lecanora muralis was placed into the special bags and exposed with 40, 100 and 200 ppb SO2 for three hours. Then chlorophyll (chl. a, chl. b andchl. a+bj and ratio ofOD 435/415 was measured by extracting 20 mg net weight of lichen in 10 ml DMSO. This research determines that the average of chlorophyll (chl. a, chl. b) is in control and therefore, the exposed samples to SO2 is 94.1% and 77.3%, respectively. This study shows that there is a direct relationship between determination and pollutant's concentration in all cases.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80051908963&partnerID=40&md5=c5e96ca7ac0189e63fc6a484cdb6bf23
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Abstract: Species distribution and composition of the genus Usnea in Buryatia Republic (Russia) are discussed. Records of 11 Usnea species were cited for Buryatia in literature, 10 of them have been confirmed by examination of herbarium materials. Morphological changes of thallus growth pattern (shortening of main branches and increasing number of fibrils and lateral branches resulting in formation of brush-like thalli) in extracontinental environment are described.
Countries/Continents: Russia/Europe/Asia
Notes: In Russian with English abstract.
URL: https://www.binran.ru/en/publications/novosti-sistematiki-nizshyh-rastenij/1946/9834/
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Countries/Continents: Ukraine
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Notes: In Ukrainian with English and Russian abstracts.
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Keywords: DEW/ ENDOLITHIC AND EPILITHIC LICHENS/ COBBLES/ NEGEV DESERT
Abstract: Dew and rain were measured along the north facing slope (NFS, with epilithic lichens predominating) and the south-facing slope (SFS, with endolithic lichens predominating) in the Negev (P = 95 mm) in order to evaluate the relationships between the abiotic conditions and the lichen growth form. Although insignificant differences characterize the rain and dew amounts with the epilithic growth form, high correlation was obtained between dew duration (r2 = 0.73) and the combined duration of dew and rain (r² = 0.79). The data imply that daylight wetness duration rather than the amount of precipitation may explain the predominance of epilithic lichens at the shaded NFS.[10]
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Keywords: DEW/ ENDOLITHIC AND EPILITHIC LICHENS/ COBBLES/ NEGEV DESERT
Abstract: Dew and rain were measured along the north facing slope (NFS, with epilithic lichens predominating) and the south-facing slope (SFS, with endolithic lichens predominating) in the Negev (P = 95 mm) in order to evaluate the relationships between the abiotic conditions and the lichen growth form. Although insignificant differences characterize the rain and dew amounts with the epilithic growth form, high correlation was obtained between dew duration (r2 = 0.73) and the combined duration of dew and rain (r² = 0.79). The data imply that daylight wetness duration rather than the amount of precipitation may explain the predominance of epilithic lichens at the shaded NFS.
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Keywords: biota/ Giresun/ Ordu
Abstract: Seven species of lichenized fungi (Carbonea vorticosa, Gregorella humida, Porpidia tuberculosa, Protomicarea limosa, Rinodina turfacea, Solenopsora holophaea, and Thelenella modesta) are new to Turkey. Gregorella humida is also new to Asia. For each a short description is presented. © 2011. Mycotaxon, Ltd.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80051946451&partnerID=40&md5=33f20cc1e34e115cbbfb9412b20050cb
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Keywords: Climate change/ Fur seals/ Grazing pressure/ Island ecosystem/ Lichenometry/ Lichens/ Pribilof islands/ Reindeer
Abstract: Archived reports from an international controversy in the early 1890s over management of the harvest of fur seals, Callorhinus ursinus, on the Pribilof Islands in the southeastern Bering Sea provided an unanticipated record of observations on the growth of lichens in association with the prevailing climatic conditions. The abundance of lichens observed in plant communities on the Pribilof Islands prompted the introduction of reindeer, Rangifer tarandus, in 1911. Grazing pressure by the introduced reindeer brought changes to lichen presence in the plant communities of St. Paul Island of the Pribilofs: lichens were depleted, and vascular plants expanded to replace the depleted lichens in a climate that became markedly warmer and drier in comparison to that of the late 19th century. These changes are described primarily through the use of historical documentation. Dominance of lichens in the plant communities on the Pribilof Islands at the time of their discovery and settlement appears to have been a relict of their development in the cooler and moister climate that characterized the southern Bering Sea in the mid-Holocene. © The Arctic Institute of North America.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052442716&partnerID=40&md5=425630be4e1b9ace9c41407b9e03149a
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Abstract: Changes to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature are decided on every 6 years at Nomenclature Sections associated with International Botanical Congresses (IBC). The XVIII IBC was held in Melbourne, Australia; the Nomenclature Section met on 18-22 July 2011 and its decisions were accepted by the Congress at its plenary session on 30 July. Several important changes were made to the Code as a result of this meeting that will affect publication of new names. Two of these changes will come into effect on 1 January 2012, some months before the Melbourne Code is published. Electronic material published online in Portable Document Format (PDF) with an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) or an International Standard Book Number (ISBN) will constitute effective publication, and the requirement for a Latin description or diagnosis for names of new taxa will be changed to a requirement for a description or diagnosis in either Latin or English. In addition, effective from 1 January 2013, new names of organisms treated as fungi must, in order to be validly published, include in the protologue (everything associated with a name at its valid publication) the citation of an identifier issued by a recognized repository (such as MycoBank). Draft text of the new articles dealing with electronic publication is provided and best practice is outlined. [[To encourage dissemination of the changes made to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, this article will be published in BMC Evolutionary Biology, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Brittonia, Cladistics, MycoKeys, Mycotaxon, New Phytologist, North American Fungi, Novon, Opuscula Philolichenum, PhytoKeys, Phytoneuron, Phytotaxa, Plant Diversity and Resources, Systematic Botany and Taxon. ]]
URL: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/biblio_detail.php?irn=274284
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Abstract: Pertusaria southlandica A. Knight, Elix & A.W. Archer sp. nov. is described from southern New Zealand.
New taxa: Pertusaria southlandica
Genera/Families: Pertusaria
Countries/Continents: New Zealand/Australasia
Notes: New: Pertusaria southlandica A.Knight, Elix & A.W.Archer (from New Zealand)
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Abstract: The rock coast of northwest Ireland comprises steep cliffed headlands and more open coastal sections where bedrock shore platforms are developed. Many shore platforms are overlain by boulders; the locations on the platform from which boulders are derived are marked by 'holes' of fresh and unweathered rock surfaces that are not, or are poorly, covered by lichen. These areas of boulder detachment are termed sockets. This paper examines the mapped distributions and physical properties of boulders, sockets and shore platform context of an Atlantic-facing granite shore in County Donegal, northwest Ireland. Results from Schmidt hammer rebound tests show statistically-significant differences in rebound values between areas inside and outside of sockets and between sockets and boulders. Based on their distributions and physical properties, relationships between sockets and boulders are explored. We calculate that sockets are formed rapidly by winter storms but are also rapidly weathered over c. 5. years, becoming indistinguishable from the surrounding bedrock platform. We argue that, in contrast to some studies, boulders here were formed during recent winter storms (episodically during the last 150-200. years) rather than by more ancient waves or by tsunamis. However, a significant proportion of boulders (c. 20%) are morphometrically dissimilar to sockets; we argue that these were formed by infrequent and unusually-powerful waves that stripped whole bedrock sheets off the platform surface and which detached boulders from the lower shoreface.
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Abstract: Acarospora benedarensis, a rare terricolous lichen endemic to Ireland, Scotland and Wales, is discussed. It is recognized as having a much higher hymenium than described in the protologue with correspondingly tall asci. It is probably not a member of the new genus Silobia but further study of its systematic position is needed. A lectotype is also designated.
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Abstract: Endococcus thelommatis is described from Southern California on Thelomma santessonii in oceanic habitats with ascospores dark brown and ornamented, 1-septate, rarely non-septate, not constricted at septa, the cells usually equal, with rounded apices, with or without oil drops, septum ca. 0.5 µm wide, dark brown, without median lamella but often with a pale visible torus, wall dark brown, ornamented ca. 1 µm thick (thicker than septum), distinctly verruculose, (10.0–)11.5–12.7–14.0(–15.0) × (6.0)7.5–8.3–9.0(–10.0) µm, length to breadth ratio l/b (1.16–)1.42–1.6–1.79(–2.17).
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Abstract: Popular article. (to cite: It is 8(1), No. 38, 10-12.)
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Abstract: Acarospora americana is revised and separated from A. veronensis. Acarospora superfusa and A. cinereoalba are placed in synonymy with A. americana. A lectotype is selected for A. cinereoalba. A key to the Acarospora species from North America with gyrophoric/lecanoric acid is presented. Acarospora gallica, A. rugulosa, A. sparsa, A. tongleti, and A. variegata are excluded from the North American lichen biota. Range extensions are reported for A. janae, A. nicolai, and Sarcogyne reebiae. The name Arthonia subcyrtodes is placed in synonymy with A. intervienens. The combination Bactrospora carolinensis (for Patellaria carolinensis) is proposed and B. mesospora is placed in synonymy. The following taxa are described as new to science: Acarospora piedmontensis (from the Piedmont of southeastern North America), A. sphaerosperma (from the Ozarks and Ohio), Lecanora zeroensis (from the Coastal Plain of Georgia), and Melanophloea americana (from the Mid-Atlantic Region). Polysporina cyclocarpa is newly reported from continental North America. Xanthomendoza weberi is revised to include X. rosmarieae and Xanthoria wetmorei as synonyms.
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Abstract: Sarcogyne plicata, a California endemic, is revised and discussed. A taxon referred to in the literature as Sarcogyne “privigna,” which looks similar to S. plicata and is sympatric in California, is discussed. The name is considered invalid for the taxon.
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Abstract: The newly described genus Silobia is accepted. Acarospora hassei is discussed and transferred to Silobia. A key to the genus Silobia in North America is presented.
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Abstract: Lecanora stenospora is revised and transferred to Pleopsidium. It is known from California and Washington in western North America. The thallus morphology of the species is intermediate between P. discurrens from Tibet and P. flavum which also occurs in North America. It occurs on limestone, mafic greenstone, and probably other slightly calcareous metamorphic rocks. No collections were seen on granite, a common substrate of P. flavum.
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Abstract: The type of Acarospora succedens, believed lost, was rediscovered at the Farlow Herbarium. A taxon collected by Thomas Nash, previously treated as Acarospora succedens by the author, is recognized as new to science and given the name A. nashii. Acarospora interspersa H. Magn. is placed in synonymy with A. succedens.
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Keywords: Acarospora socialis
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Keywords: Biodiversity/ Lichenicolous fungi/ Lichens
Abstract: Zwackhiomyces turcicus is described as new from the thallus of Physcia magnussonii from southern Turkey. The new species produces one of the largest ascomata in the genus and is easily differentiated from Z. physciicola (described from Physcia caesia) by its larger verruculose ascospores and thinner interascal filaments. © 2011. Mycotaxon, Ltd.
Notes: New species: Zwackhiomyces turcicus Kocakaya, Halıcı & Aksoy (on Physcia magnussonii)
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052956655&partnerID=40&md5=624b3a577fd5e38a0067f94dcae4c0f1
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Notes: In Polish with English abstract.
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Abstract: Lichenothelia convexa, a saxicolous and lichenicolous microfungus, is reported new for the Czech Republic. The poorly known species is provided with a description and is illustrated.
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Notes: New species: Endococcus thelommatis Kocourk. & K. Knudsen
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Abstract: The dendroglaciologic and lichenometric research methodologies employed in this study provide a perspective of glaciological conditions from 5 ka to present in a remote headwater area of the British Columbia Coast Mountains. Since Holocene ice fronts of four glaciers at this site periodically extended below treeline, previous glacier advances over-rode and buried forests beneath till deposits. This study suggests that glaciers were expanding into standing forests at 4.76 and 3.78 ka. Following glacier expansion at 3.78 ka, a period of recession ensued when glaciers withdrew upvalley long enough for the development of deep pedogenic surfaces and the growth of trees exceeding 300 years. Investigations at Beluga and Manatee glaciers benchmark a subsequent episode of significant glacial expansion at 2.42 ka referred to as the "Manatee Advance". This advance has regional correlatives and is distinguished from the Tiedemann Advance at Manatee Glacier by documentation of substantive ice front retreat between the two episodes. Examination of Little Ice Age (LIA) deposits in the study area allowed for presentation and application of a revised Rhizocarpon spp. lichen growth curve. Lichenometric surveys of lateral moraines associated with Beluga, Manatee, and Oluk glaciers provided limited in-sight into their early LIA behaviour but record advances during the 15th and 16th centuries. Locally, glaciers achieved their maximum LIA size prior to an early to mid 18th century moraine-building event. This reconstruction of Holocene glacial history offers insights consistent with the emerging record of glacier activity described for other southern British Columbia Coast Mountain glaciers.
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Notes: New species: Caloplaca ochrolechioides S.Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt & Elix, C. phaeocincta S.Y. Kondr. & Elix, C. sconensis S.Y.Kondr., Kärnefelt & A.Thell, and C. tomnashii S.Y. Kondr., Elix & Kärnefelt; new combination: Crocynia glaucescens (F. Wilson) S.Y. Kondr., Elix & Kärnefelt
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Notes: New species: Caloplaca kiewkaensis L.S. Yakovczenko, I.A. Galanina & S.Y. Kondr., C. letrouitioides S.Y. Kondr., Elix & Kärnefelt, C. trassii I.A. Galanina & S.Y. Kondr., and C. ussuriensis Oxner, S.Y. Kondr. & Elix
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Abstract: A preliminary list of lichens of the vicinity of the former Pyramiden settlement is presented. It includes 83 species, 10 of them are rare in Svalbard.
Countries/Continents: Russia/Europe
Notes: In Russian with English abstract.
URL: https://www.binran.ru/en/publications/novosti-sistematiki-nizshyh-rastenij/1946/9794/
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Countries/Continents: Norway
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Abstract: Acetone, methanol and aqueous extracts of the lichen Cetraria islandica, Lecanora atra, Parmelia pertusa, Pseudoevernia furfuraceae and Umbilicaria cylindrica were investigated for antioxidant activity by five different methods: DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, reducing power, determination of total phenolic compounds and determination of total flavonoid content. Different antioxidant activities of the tested extracts were studied in comparison to known antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and α-tocopherol. The tested extracts had strong antioxidant activity. The DPPH radical scavenging activity ranging from 32.68-94.70%. For reducing power, measured values of absorbance varied from 0.016 to 0.109. The superoxide anion scavenging activity for different extracts was 7.31-84.51%. In addition, the high contents of total phenolic compounds (12-76.42 μg of pyrocatechol equivalent) and total flavonoids (1.37-54.77 μg of rutin equivalent) suggests that phenols and flavonoids might be the major antioxidant compounds in studied extracts. Tested lichen species were found to possess effective antioxidant activities and can be used as good natural sources of antioxidants.
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Keywords: Giant Mts/ Karkonosze Mts/ Krkonoše Mts/ Sudety Mts
Abstract: A commented list of 19 particularly interesting and noteworthy lichen species collected recently in the Giant Mts (Karkonosze, Krkonoše) is given. Most of them were found on the basalt outcrop in the western wall of the Mały Śnieżny Kocioł cirque (germ. Kleine Schneegrube), which is the most valuable and most conserved area in this mountain range. Two species are new to Poland: Lecanora gangaleoides and Lecidea praenubila. Umbilicaria cinereorufescens is reported for the first time from the Sudety Mts as a whole. Three species are new for the Giant Mts: Buellia ocellata, Diplotomma lutosum and Fuscidea praeruptorum. Eight species: Aspicilia microlepis, Belonia russula, Caloplaca crenularia, C. nivalis, Gyalecta biformis, Koerberiella wimmeriana, Miriquidica complanata and Polyblastia cruenta were re-discovered after over 100 years on the historical locality in the Mały Śnieżny Kocioł cirque.
Countries/Continents: Poland
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Keywords: green and lichen forage/ pasture load/ reindeer breeding/ simulation/ vegetation/ vegetation degradation
Abstract: The systemic approach based mainly on computer simulation has been used to assess the dynamics of ecosystems of the Yamal Peninsula, which have been exposed to the impact of numerous reindeer herds because of extensive development of reindeer breeding during the past decades. This type of development has been demonstrated to result in degradation of vegetation, whose profound changes preclude further development of reindeer breeding in the same way. The current situation requires major amendments to the ethnic-cultural and economic policy in the region. © 2011 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052543110&partnerID=40&md5=adcd2d78169cf264926fb44c019315d4
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Keywords: Inconspicuous crustose lichens/ New localities/ Old-growth forest
Abstract: The study presents recent data on the distribution of Fellhanera gyrophorica (Pilocarpaceae, Ascomycota) in Poland, a rare lichen with a crustose, usually sterile thallus. Both previous and new localities of the species are presented with data on its ecology and general distribution. Furthermore, this paper provides detailed results on floristic investigations of the species in the forest areas of the Pojezierze Olszty?skie Lakeland (northern Poland). Fertile specimens of F. gyrophorica have been observed in Poland for the second time and in the world
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2011.035
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Keywords: Candelariella/ Distribution/ Ecology/ Efflorescens/ Lichens/ New records/ Poland
Abstract: Candelariella efflorescens R. C. Harris & W. R. Buck is reported as new for Poland. Its known localities, data on its ecology and total distribution, and a description of diagnostic features differentiating C. efflorescens from other similar species are given, with a map of its distribution in Poland based on revised herbarium specimens.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84856387100&partnerID=40&md5=860e86c4829ee97aebc054a978c9d9b8
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Keywords: Chemotypes/ Chrysothricaceae/ Pulvinic acid derivates/ Sterile lichens
Abstract: Chrysothrix xanthina is reported new for coastal California from San Diego to Point Reyes. Notes on the taxonomy of C. candelaris and C. xanthina are provided. The differences in diameter of granules in published sources are also discussed. © 2011. Mycotaxon, Ltd.
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052950568&partnerID=40&md5=0755cbfedd19f321271eecee058ef218
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Keywords: Lepidoptera/ Middle crown/ Norway spruce/ Overwintering/ Picea abies/ Upper crown/ Uprooted trees/ Wind disturbance/ alga/ canopy architecture/ community structure/ coniferous tree/ disturbance/ egg/ forest ecosystem/ functional group/ insect/ larva/ lichen/ mortality/ overwintering/ wind velocity/ Carpathians/ Slovakia/ Tatra Mountains
Abstract: Windstorm on November 19, 2004 seriously affected Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests in Tatra Mountains, Northern Slovakia. We studied as to whether moth larvae and eggs overwintered successfully on branches of uprooted spruce trees. Also, we evaluated differences in assemblage structure of overwintering developmental stages of moths between the upper and middle crown area of wind-felled spruce trees. In May 2005, we sampled branches from a total of 12 wind-felled trees in Tichá dolina valley in the altitudes between 1,020 and 1,050 m. From each tree, a total of 30 branches were collected from both its upper and middle crown area. In addition, a total of 400 cones were sampled from the wind-felled trees. Moth larvae or hatched adults were obtained from branches or cones through photoeclectors in the laboratory. Larvae of one species developing in cones (Cydia strobilella), 3 species of bud-borers (Argyresthia glabratella, A. amiantella, A. bergiella), 7 needle spinning species (Batrachedra pinicolella, Chionodes electella, Syndemis musculana, Dichelia histrionana, Pseudohermenias abietana, Epinotia tedella, E. nanana), one free living species (Thera variata) and one species feeding on lichens or algae (fam. Psychidae
URL: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-83355169285&partnerID=40&md5=1ec5ef558b4fcfbab26c769e76bd3c3c
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Abstract: [In Turkish with English abstract.] In the cultivation of lichens, first of all, photobiont and mycobiont have separately been cultivated. As a result, it has been found out that fungus has grown just like lichenized fungus but its mature phasedies do not have the same character as that of mycobiont. The cultivation of the suitable pieces taken from tallus has recently been tested and it is discovered that it will be successful if the suitable conditions and substract are chosen. In order to use in the conducted studies, it is essential to find a much easier and faster method for the cultivation of the sample lichen in the laboratory condition although it has slightly been simplifed due to the introduction of recent techniques. In this study, the methods that are used in the cultivation of lichens are mentioned.
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Keywords: BIOMONITORING/ FUZZY FAULT TREE ANALYSIS/ KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT/ LICHENS/ STANDARDISATION/ HEAVY-METAL DEPOSITION/ ELEMENT AIR-POLLUTION/ EPIPHYTIC LICHENS/ QUALITY-CONTROL/ TRACE-ELEMENTS/ PLANT/ CONTAMINATION/ INDICATORS/ MOSSES/ RELIABILITY
Abstract: [A new species with gyrophoric acid is described.]
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Keywords: AMMONIA/ BRYOPHYTES/ INLAND DUNES/ INVASIVE SPECIES/ LICHENS/ THE NETHERLANDS
Abstract: [The ratio of Campylopus to lichen was measured.]
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Keywords: ASTER/ BAND RATIO/ GEOLOGIC MAPPING/ GRANITE/ HIMALAYA/ LICHENS/ MULTISPECTRAL/ MUSCOVITE/ NEPAL/ PCA/ REMOTE SENSING
Abstract: [The authors describe a new approach to remote sensing mapping that takes into account the absorption features of acidophilic lichens covering the rocks.]
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Keywords: ANABAT/ BATS/ DISTRIBUTION/ ECHOLOCATION/ FRAGMENTATION/ LANDSCAPE/ PERIMYOTIS SUBFLAVUS
Abstract: [The bats use clumps of Usnea spp. for roosting.]
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Keywords: HERITABILITY/ LICHEN/ PHYTOCHEMISTRY/ POPULUS ANGUSTIFOLIA/ STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL/ XANTHOMENDOZA GALERICULATA
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Abstract: [An emended species description is presented, along with ecological applications.]
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Keywords: COCCOMYXA/ HAPLOTYPE ANALYSIS/ LICHENIZATION/ RBCL/ SYMBIOSIS
Notes: ["As the system is maintained without difficulty in culture, it can potentially be an easily controlled lichen symbiosis study system under laboratory conditions."]
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Keywords: BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS/ CLIMATE CHANGE/ ECOLOGY/ LICHENS/ NAMIBIA/ SOIL/ SOUTH AFRICA
Abstract: [Findings suggest that lichens may be valuable bioindicators for evaluating climate change in Southern Africa.]
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